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Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has now morphed into the most serious healthcare challenge that the world has faced in a century. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was declared as a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on January 30, 2020, and a pandemic on March 11 by the World Health Organization (WHO). The number of cases and the death toll are rapidly increasing frequently because of its fast transmission from human to human through droplets, contaminated hands or body, and inanimate surfaces. Objective(s): SDS has been found to exhibit broad-spectrum and effective microbicidal and viral inactivation agents through the denaturation of both envelope and non-envelop proteins Methods: Viable SARS-COV-2 particles may also be found on contaminated sites such as steel surfaces, plastic surfaces, stainless steel, cardboard, and glass surfaces that can serve as a source of virus transmission. We reviewed the available literature about the SARS-CoV-2 persistence on inanimate surfaces as well as the decontamination strategies of corona and other viruses by using Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as well as other cleaning chemicals and disinfectants. Result(s): The efficacy of SDS has been amply demonstrated in several studies involving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human papillomavirus (HPV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV). SDS has also been found as deactivator of SARS-CoV-2. In toxic profile, up to 1% concentration of SDS is safe for humans and showed no toxic effect if ingested. Conclusion(s): Since no specific treatment is available as yet so containment and prevention continue to be important strategies against COVID-19. In this context, SDS can be an effective chemical disinfectant to slow and stop the further transmissions and spread of COVID-19.Copyright © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.
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Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has recently emerged as a pandemic respiratory disease with mild to severe pneumonia symptoms. No clinical antiviral agent is available so far. However, several repurposing drugs and vaccines are being given to individuals or in clinical trials against SARS-CoV-2 Objective: The aim of this study is to uncover the potential effects of Luteolin (Lut) as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV2 encoded proteins via utilizing computational tools. Methods: Molecular modelling to unfold the anti-SARS-CoV2 potential of Lut along with reference drugs namely remdesivir and nafamostat was performed by the use of molecular docking, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity (ADMET) and density functional theory (DFT) methods against the five different SARS-CoV-2 encoded key proteins and one human receptor protein. The chemical reactivity of Luteolin is done through prediction of HOMO-LUMO gap energy and other chemical descriptors analysis. Results: In the present study, Lut binds effectively in the binding pockets of spike glycoprotein (6VSB), ADP phosphatase of NSP3 (6W02), and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (7AAP) protein receptors with significant values of docking scores-7.00,-7.25, and-6.46 respectively as compared to reference drugs remdesivir and nafamostat. Conclusion: Thus, Lut can act as a therapeutic agent and is orally safe for human consumption as predicted by molecular modelling against SARS-CoV-2 in the treatment of COVID-19.
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Background: Recently, Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by a fatal strain of coronavirus named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organisation (WHO) on 11 March 2020. Globally, no therapy such as vaccines and specific therapeutic agents is available so far despite some protease inhibitors and antiviral agents. Introduction: Due to no therapeutic drug or vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 so far, phytomedicine may be developed as therapeutic agents in the prevention and treatment of current COVID-19 disease. Thus, the aim of this study was to find out a suitable therapeutic agent from selected 17 dietary molecules, which could target SARS-CoV-2 encoded proteins. Materials and Methods: In this study, 3D structures of selected dietary molecules were obtained from the PubChem database, which have previously been reported for their antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. Then, molecular docking analysis by using AutoDoc4 and AutoDockVina software was conducted to evaluate their anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. Lipinski's rule of five and drug-likeness properties were also discussed with the help of Molinspiration and the OSIRIS property explorer methods. Results: Our results revealed that, among all, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) (7) is a lead compound that could fit well into the binding sites of docked proteins of SARS-CoV-2. EGCG showed very strong molecular interactions with the free enzyme of main protease (6y2e), chimeric receptorbinding domain complexed with human ACE2 (6vw1), and NSP15 endoribonuclease (6vww) encoded proteins of SARS-CoV-2, by showing binding energies -9.30, -8.66, and -8.38, kcal/mole, respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, EGCG (7) is more active than two standard drugs that are currently being used in COVID 19, namely remdesivir and nafamostat. Therefore, EGCG (7), as per our results, might be explored as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of COVID-19.